Coca Cola Essay -- Business and Management Studies

Coca Cola This paper is in regards to the most popular soda pop on the planet Coca Cola. Coca Cola was created by Dr. John Pemberton on May 1886. Pemberton blended the mix of lime, cinnamon, coca leaves, and the seeds of a Brazilian bush to make the refreshment. As time passes by, Coca Cola organization has just become the world’s biggest organization and the pioneer of soda pop makers. Why the organization did so effective more than one hundred years? Other than the explanation that the item is delectable, another significant explanation is the company’s advertising procedure. The 4 ‘P’s (for example item, value, place, advancement) will be discussed as following. Item The Coca Cola Company has very nearly 400 brands of drink. It markets four of the world's main five soda pop brands (Classic, Sprite and so forth). Purchasers in almost 200 nations appreciate The Coca Cola company’s items consistently. The first and the best sell brand is Classic. It likely is the most people’s first decision. In any case, The Company doesn't depend on exclusively brand; it is continue growing new brand to fulfill consumer’s need. For case, in light of the thriving fame of low-starch diet, Coca Cola built up a low-starch choice to Coke great, which is called Coca Cola C2. It went discounted in Canada in August 2004. Brand acknowledgment is likewise significant. Coca Cola utilizes white content on a red foundation, with the words being very striking. It is truly draw in purchasers. There are assortments sorts of bundling accessible, for example, 2 L bottle bundle, 1 L bottle bundle 24 can bundle, 12 can bundle and 8can bundle and so on. Normally, most 1 L bottle bundles are sold in candy machine. Cost Coca cola depends on versatile estimating technique. It permit extraordinary stores set various costs. It additionally utilizes odd estimating technique. For model, a 24-can bundle of Coke exemplary is $8.99 instead of $9.00. 2L Coke great is $0.99, etc. At times, Coke offers exceptional costs, like if clients purchase three 12-can bundles Coke for just $10.00. Coca Cola can makes low cost, since it reuses the pre-owned jars, and has cutting edge creation line with enormous creation. Advancement Coca cola has some great publicizing on TV. Furthermore, there is a few challenges for clients. For instance, the organization set two or three million prize, after clients bought Coke, the... ... as unique one. The cost of the Coke item may keep consistent, despite the fact that the Coca Cola organization will confront expansion issue. Meanwhile, the cutting edge creating line should assume control over old one, and lessen the expense as low as could be expected under the circumstances, at that point, utilizing cost-arranged estimating system. It will let Coke classic’s value progressively serious to claim my objective market. I will make the advancement in upbeat and tranquil style. Sports can likewise utilized in advancement, for instance, youthful adultsã‚’ most loved game hockey. With the expanding youthful adults’ populace, I will utilize concentrated conveyance, and put Coke great into the same number of spot associated with youthful grown-ups as conceivable, for example, café, bars, and postsecondary school, thus on. It is conceivable to acquire Market share. WORKS CITED Insights Canada Home Page. 28 July 2004. Insights Canada’s Web Site. 9 October 2004 . Coca Cola Home Page. 2003. The Coca Cola Company. 9 October 2004 The Beverage Net Work Home Page. â€Å"Beverage Digest/Maxwell Ranks U.S. Soda pop Industry for 2003.† 4 March 2004. BevNET.com, Inc. 9 October 2004. < http://www.bevnet.com/news/2004/03-04-2004-bevdigest_maxwell_2003.asp>.

Both Sides Of The Abortion Issue Essays - Abortion,

The two Sides of the Abortion Issue During the past 25 years, premature birth has joined race and war as one of the most easily proven wrong subject of debate in the United States. It talks about human communication where morals, feelings and law meet up. Premature birth represents an ethical, social and clinical issue that faces numerous people to make a passionate and brutal climate. There are numerous perspectives toward fetus removal however the main two fine differentiations are star decision and professional life. A star choicer would feel that the choice to prematurely end a pregnancy is that of the moms and the state has no option to meddle. A star lifer would hold that from the snapshot of origination, the undeveloped organism or baby is alive. This life forces on us an ethical commitment to protect it and that fetus removal is equivalent to kill (Kolner 5). In the United States about 1.6 million pregnancies end in fetus removal. Ladies with livelihoods under eleven thousand are more than multiple times almost certain to prematurely end than those with livelihoods over twenty-5,000. Unmarried ladies are four to multiple times bound to prematurely end than wedded and the fetus removal rate has multiplied for 18 and multi year olds. As of late the U.S. rate dropped 6 percent by and large however the pace of fetus removal among young ladies more youthful than 15 hopped 18 percent. The rate among minority teenagers moved from 186 for every 1,000 to 189 for every 1,000. The most mainstream system associated with premature births is the vacuum yearning which is finished during the main trimester (a quarter of a year or less since the ladies has gotten pregnant). A cylinder is basically embedded through the cervix and the substance of the uterus are vacuumed out. The most regularly utilized sort of second trimester fetus removal is called enlargement and clearing. Since the baby has bones, mass and can move, second trimester isn't as basic. When as a great part of the baby and placenta are vacuumed out at that point tweezers are utilized to evacuate bigger parts. After this, or the start of the fifth month fetus removal is not kidding and really instigated as labor. That is, the mother is given substances which places her in the process of childbirth and conveys the hatchling as she would a full-term child. Around 40 percent of Americans accept that premature birth ought to stay lawful and 40 percent accept it ought to be restricted with the exception of when the pregnancy compromises the life of the mother or is the aftereffect of assault or inbreeding. Additionally 15 percent b eveit ought to be illicit in all cases. In spite of the fact that premature birth is viewed as a ladies' correct, it ought to be restricted with special cases since it's viewed as murder, has numerous mental symptoms and there is another option. Premature birth is a ladies' own privilege and decision. In 1973 the Roe v. Swim choice demonstrated this by perceiving premature birth as a principal constitution right and made it lawful in all states. The law presently allows premature birth at the solicitation of the ladies with no limitations in the main trimester and a few limitations in the subsequent trimester to ensure the ladies' wellbeing. The National Abortion Right Act League contends that without legitimate fetus removal ladies would be precluded their sacred right from claiming security and freedom. The ladies' entitlement to her own body subordinates those of the hatchling and the U.S. Preeminent Court in Roe v. Swim contended that the ladies' entitlement to security overruled the embryo's entitlement to life. In the event that premature birth was unlawful it would drive poor ladies to hold up under and bring up youngsters they can't bear to raise. There would be various risky premature births in back partners. It would likewise drive ladies to surrender their fantasies and remain at home to raise babies. To top it all off, it would sentence casualties o apeand inbreeding to convey and support the posterity of their rapist.(Kolner 5) Abortion is fundamental for ladies to have command over their own bodies and life. One extremist stated, On the off chance that I hadn't had that premature birth my life would have been a debacle. I wouldn't have made it to clinical school. I was hitched by then to a ill man and it would have been horrendous to must have my child. Individuals who need premature births are in a disturbance and it's actually a life-sparing thing.(Blender 4) To overlook the privileges of others is narrow minded furthermore, treachery. Ladies must reserve the privilege to control the elements of their own bodies. Revern George Gardiner minister of the school Hill United Methodist Church, told the gathering that the weapons would have done pretty much nothing great. Young ladies need the opportunity to settle on decisions for their regenerative life

The Value of Being a Mentor and Mentee

The Value of Being a Mentor and Mentee The University of Illinois  provides  an experience like no other. There are tons of resources here that are willing to help you with anything you need. However, sometimes I find that those who are the most resourceful are my  fellow students. Im on the executive board of the American Advertising Federation, which is the local student advertising club. Its a 500+ member club, which can be a really intimidating number and someone can get lost inside a club with that many members. But, this club is not some ordinary club. The club is home to 11 committees and one of those include the Member Relations Committee. This committee has the mission to help every member feel at home in the club. They set up the mentor/mentee program, and its incredibly successful. There are over 130 people participating in the program this semester! Im currently a mentor in the program and Im having a ton of fun with it. I have two freshman mentees who are interested in finding their fit in the program. I routinely catch up with them for coffee at Starbucks. But more than a mentor, Ive become friends with my two mentees. The Member Relations Committee plans great events for us. We even have a cool speed-dating event coming up where we get to meet the other mentor/mentee pairs, so its another great opportunity to make friends and connect with people who have similar interests. Its important that you find someone you can look up to and get advice from no matter what  club or organization youre a part of. As people get older, they want to give back so its important to take advantage of that and remember that its okay to ask for help and advice because Illini are life-long learners. Be a mentee at Illinois and one day youll be mentoring future Illini! Daniel Class of 2018 I’m an Advertising major in the College of Media. I’m from a northwest suburb of Chicago called Buffalo Grove. I chose Illinois because it was the first university in the entire world to offer an Advertising major, which is pretty cool!

Critical Analysis Kate Chopins The Awakening Essay

In the novel The Awakening, Kate Chopin (2005) uses deep symbolism to show how the main character, Edna Pontellier, discovers her own independence in the society in which she lived. Edna was a traditional mother and wife seeking freedom and independence throughout her adult life. Chopin portrays Edna as being a rebel against her own life. The story takes place in the 1960s when women were to follow certain rules made by the society they lived in. Chopin also foreshadows the things that occur in Edna’s life through nature and death itself. Based on the many ways Chopin uses symbolic meanings through the novel, we can see the events of Edna’s life as one that rebels against society. Throughout this novel, Chopin proves that Edna’s actions†¦show more content†¦Chopin confirms this by saying, â€Å"Mrs. Pontellier was not a woman given to confidences, a characteristic hitherto contrary to her nature. Even as a child she had lived her own small life all with in herself†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Chopin, 2005, Chapter 7, para. 1). Over the summer, even though she was already married, Edna met a young man by the name of Robert Lebrun and surprisingly fell in love. â€Å"The action was at first a little confusing to Edna, but she soon lent herself readily to the Creole’s gentle caress. She was not accustomed to an outward and spoken expression of affection†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Chopin, 2005, Chapter 7, para, 19) meaning Robert gave Edna the kind of attention that she never got from her husband, Leonce Pontellier. She became ignorant of her surroundings and carried on into this â€Å"fantasy† (Chopin, 2005). Edna’s passions became overpowering to her self-control. This was a feeling that she had not felt with her husband even when she married him. Robert decided at the spur of the moment, he would leave on a business trip to Mexico without telling Edna. This caused Edna to feel even more alone and confused because she did not enjoy being married. Chopin proclaims, â€Å"Her marriage to Leonce Pontellier was purely an accident, in the respect resembling many other marriages which masquerade as the decrees of Fate† (Chopin, 2005, Chapter 7, para. 24). Her husband was never home and the man she ultimately loved left herShow MoreRelatedWolffs Analysis of Chopins The Awakening647 Words   |  3 PagesWolff’s Analysis of Chopin’s The Awakening In her essay Un-Utterable Longing: The Discourse of Feminine Sexuality in Kate Chopins The Awakening, Cynthia Griffin Wolff creates what Ross Murfin describes as a critical whole that is greater than the sum of its parts. (376) By employing a variety of critical approaches (including feminist, gender, cultural, new historicism, psychoanalytic and deconstruction) Wolff offers the reader a more complete (albeit complex) explanation of Edna PontelliersRead MoreAn Examination Of How Kate Chopin s Work1298 Words   |  6 PagesENGL 1102 – Comp/Lit Essay 2 (Mulry) Sellers, James R – 920022413 Due Date: April 20, 2015 An Examination of How Kate Chopin’s Works Taken Together Contribute to our Understanding of Her Time and the Place of Women in Society Looking at themes present in his short stories and novels, Kate Chopin presents examples of female strength and an assertive rebellion to the social norms during the late 1800s. By seeking to transparently and boldly portray the risquà © behavior of her lead characters, whichRead MoreSt. Louis And New Orleans1606 Words   |  7 PagesKate Chopin was born Katherine O’Flaherty on February 8, 1851, in St. Louis, Missouri, into a socially prominent family with roots in the French past of both St. Louis and New Orleans. Her father, Thomas O’Flaherty, an immigrant from Ireland, had lived in New York and Illinois before settling in St. Louis, where he prospered as the owner of a commission house. In 1839, he married into a well-known Creole family, members of the city’s social elite, but his wife died in childbirth only a year laterRead More Essay on The Awakening712 Words   |  3 PagesCritical Views of The Awakening      Ã‚  Ã‚   The Awakening, written by Kate Chopin, is full of ideas and understanding about human nature. In Chopins time, writing a story with such great attention to sensual details in both men and women caused skepticism among readers and critics. However, many critics have different views with deeper thought given to The Awakening. Symbolism, the interpretation of Ednas suicide, and awakenings play important roles in the analysis of all critics.    SymbolismRead More Kate Chopins Writing Essay2357 Words   |  10 PagesKate Chopins Writing Elizabeth Fox Genovese of Emory University shared in a PBS interview that â€Å"She [Kate Chopin] was very important as one of the earliest examples of modernism in the United States or, if you wish, the cutting edge of modernism in American literature† (PBS – Interviews). Kate Chopin published At Fault, her first novel, in 1890 and The Awakening, her last novel, in 1898 (Guilds 924). During these years Chopin wrote numerous other works and most, like At Fault and The AwakeningRead MoreFemale Empowerment in Kate Chopins The Awakening7915 Words   |  32 PagesHeinrich-Heine-Università ¤t Wintersemester 2010/11 Vertiefungsmodul Kurs: American Realism and Naturalism - Short Stories Seminarleiter: Georg Schiller Datum der Abgabe: 16.04.2011 Female Empowerment in Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Awakening† Anjana Dhir BA Englisch KF, Geschichte NF 3. Semester Table of Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. The FrenchRead MoreThe Awakening of Edna Pontellier2487 Words   |  10 PagesThe Awakening of Edna Pontellier Kate Chopin’s short story The Awakening is set during a time where women were expected to live in a patriarchal society. More specifically, this story tells of the well-to-do Creole lifestyles in New Orleans during the mid to late Nineteenth Century. Chopin’s personal experiences as a woman during this oppressive time and her growth as an individual inspired her to write about Edna Pontellier, a woman who tries to break from the expectations of society toRead MoreResearch Paper on Kate Chopin and Her Works2380 Words   |  10 Pages Kate Chopin is best known for her novel, The Awakening, published in 1899. After its publication, The Awakening created such uproar that its author was alienated from certain social circles in St. Louis. The novel also contributed to rejections of Chopins later stories including, The Story of An Hour and The Storm. The heavy criticism that she endured for the novel hindered her writing. The male dominated world was simply not ready for such an honest exploration of female independence, a frankRead MoreEdna Pontellier and Elizabeth Bennet: Challenge of 19th Century Conventional Methods1344 Words   |  6 PagesKate Chopin and Jane Austen could readily be referred to as literary heroines of the nineteenth century. Both women often challenged conventional societal methods within their works, which inherently caused these literary geniuses to write in complete secrecy. Chopin and Austen gave birth to characters such as Edna Pontellier in The Awakening, and Elizabeth Bennett, the renowned protagonist of Austen’s novella Pride and Prejudice. While noble in their respective ways one can easily mistake Edna andRead More Kate Chopins Awakening - Edna Pontellier as Master of Her Destiny3367 Words   |  14 Pages   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Kate Chopins The Awakening, the main character, Edna leaves her husband to find place in the world. Edna believes her new sexually independent power will make her master of her own life. But, as Martin points out, she has overestimated her strength and is still hampered by her limited ability to direct her energy and to master her emotions (22). Unfortunately, Edna has been educated too much in the traditions of society and not enough in reason and independent survival, admitting

A Study On Lung Cancer - 1721 Words

Introduction: Lung cancers are well known to display inter and intra-tumoral heterogeneity with profound implications for exact histological classification by pathologists1–3. The New International (IASLC/ATS/ERS )4,5 and the 2015 World Health Organization (WHO) classification6 has defined the non-invasive (adenocarcinoma in situ), minimally invasive adenocarcinoma and invasive lepidic adenocarcinoma ; has replaced the mixed subtype category in the WHO 2004 classification7 with the predominant subtype ; included the micropapillary subtype8,9 and replaced the term â€Å"mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma(BAC)† with invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma. This study aimed to do a comprehensive histological subtyping and detailed study of†¦show more content†¦Amongst 237 cases, a significant proportion 195(82.2%) were at stage IV at diagnosis, fewer 31(13.5%) at stage III and 11(4.7%) at Stage II and none at Stage I. Histologic findings: The 2015 WHO classification of lung tumours (add ref) was used to categorise biopsies by the predominant histological subtype. Of 274 cases, 167 (61%) were acinar predominant adenocarcinomas, 63(23%) solid adenocarcinomas, 19 (7%) invasive mucinous adenocarcinomas, 11(4%)lepidic predominant, papillary 9 (3.30%), two cases each of colloid (0.7%) and non- small cell carcinoma, not otherwise specified (NSCC-NOS) (0.7%) and one micro-papillary predominant subtype (0.3%) (Figure 1; Figures 2A-2D; Figures 3A-3D). The polygonal cell type was the most frequent comprising 160(58.40%) followed by columnar 69(25.2%), cuboidal 38(13.9%), signet ring 4(1.4%), hobnail 2 (0.7%) and clear cell 1(0.4%) cell types. A significant percentage of tumours were associated with mucin production, desmoplasia, stromal elastosis, lympho-vascular invasion and necrosis (Table 1). Lymphovascular invasion was most commonly seen amongst stage III/ stage IV disease in 187/226 (82.7%). 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The Molecular Basis of Inheritance Free Essays

THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE I. History A. Discovery of â€Å"transformation† – a change in genotype and phenotype due to the uptake of external DNA by a cell 1. We will write a custom essay sample on The Molecular Basis of Inheritance or any similar topic only for you Order Now Griffith 1920s did experiments with Streptococcus pneumoniae (p294 fig16. 2) a. took two strains of S. pneumoniae, one virulent, one not b. heat killed virulent strain, then mixed them with the living nonvirulent strain c. living nonvirulent strain became virulent d. nonvirulent strain took on virulent strain’s DNA ? became virulent e. see p294 fig16. 2 S strain = virulent, R = nonvirulent f. ventually Griffith’s work lead way to more studies on DNA being the carrier of genetic info. B. Proof that viral DNA and not viral protein contains genetic information to make more viral particles 1. Hershey and Chase 1950s p295 fig16. 4 a. knew that viruses could infect bacteria and make more viruses using the host cell’s replicating ‘machinery’ b. background: sulfur gets incorporated into virus’ protein/phosphorus into virus’ DNA c. took T4 (bacteriophage) and plated with a lawn of E. coli and radioactively labeled sulfur, result = T4 with radio active labeled protein (DNA not labeled) d. took T4 and plated with E. oli and radioactively labeled phosphorus = T4 with radioactively labeled DNA (protein not labeled) e. background: when virus + bacteria is spun down, viral particles in supernatant and bacteria in pellet f. took T4 (S-labeled) infected new E. coli lawn, spun down, found S-radioactive labels in supernatant g. took T4 (P-labeled) infected new E. coli lawn, spun down, found P-radioactive labels in pellet h. result = it’s the DNA that’s injected into the host to make more virus (even plated these spun down pellet bacteria, and they lysed and released new virus C. Discovery of the structure of DNA 1. Watson and Crick a. used an x-ray crystallography picture (p297) by Franklin to determine DNA as a double-helical structure b. review p298 – A pairs with T and G with C/ A and G are purines and C and T are pyrimidines/double hydrogen bonds between A and T, and triple between G and C II. DNA Replication A. 3 models of DNA replication p300 fig 16. 10 1. Conservative model – the parental helix splits, copies, then goes back together again to remain intact while a second entirely new copy is made 2. Semiconservative model – the parental helix splits, copies and remains a part of the two new helixes 3. Dispersive model – the parental helix splits unevenly, copies and remains a part of the two new helixes but in pieces B. Experimental proof p300 fig16. 11 1. added radioactively labeled heavy nitrogen to replicating bacteria, then placed this culture into radioactively labeled light nitrogen (used to distinguish strands) 2. allowed bacteria to replicate again, results gave hybrid DNA strands (ruled out conservative model) (note: both hybrids half and half and totally mixed look the same, so semiconservative and dispersive models both upheld this time- see below) 3. llowed bacteria to replicate again, results gave hybrid strands and only light double strands (ruled out dispersive model since all should be mixed if this was right) C. Origins of replication p301 fig16. 12 1. origin of replication – site where DNA replication begins a. proteins recognize a specific sequence on the template DNA, open the dsDNA to make a bubble, and begin replication b. replication fork †“ location on DNA strand where new DNA strand is growing 1. prokaryotes plasmid (single circular dsDNA helix) have one origin of replication and replication occurs in both directions 2. ukaryotes have linear dsDNA have many origins and replication occurs in both directions D. Elongation of new DNA 1. DNA polymerase – enzyme that synthesizes the new DNA strand by adding nucleotides to the growing strand 2. DNA polymerase receives energy to do this by nucleotides being nucleoside triphosphate (CTP, GTP, ATP, TTP) since they lose Pii = exergonic reaction to supply energy E. DNA is antiparallel p302 1. carbon numbering – carbon attached to base is 1’, count clockwise, carbon attached to phosphate group is 3’, carbon attached to other phosphate group is 5’ 2. be able to find 5’ vs 3’ end . (p302 fig 16. 14) replication occurs 5’ ? 3’, so strand being made in this direction is called the leading strand and replication occurs toward the replication fork 4. lagging strand is replication that occurs 5’ ? 3’ but replication moves away from the replication fork a. lagging strand produces Okazaki fragments which must be connected with DNA ligase p303 fig 16. 15 F. Priming DNA synthesis (getting replication started) p303 fig16. 15 1. primer – existing RNA polynucleotide on the template DNA strand since DNA polymerase cannot just start adding new nucleotides on its own a. rimer is laid down by enzyme primase b. only one primer required for leading strand to begin synthesizing/new RNA primer required for each lagging strand beginning c. DNA polymerase eventually replaces RNA nucleotides with DNA ones and occurs before ligase connects any lagging DNA strands G. Other assisting proteins 1. helicase – enzyme that unwinds dsDNA at the replication form 2. single-strand binding proteins – hold apart template DNA while replication occurs **FINAL GOOD SUMMARY P304 fig 16. 16 III. DNA Proofreading and Repair A. Mismatch repair 1. as DNA polymerase lays down nucleotides, if it notices a mismatched one to template, will remove and replace with correct one 2. Excision repair p305 fig16. 17: consists of nuclease – enzyme that can cut out damaged segments of a DNA strand, then new nucleotides are filled in based on what the other DNA strand sequence is by DNA polymerase and ligase IV. Replication of the ends of DNA strands p306 fig16. 18 A. DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to a 3’ end (since it grows in a 5’ ? 3’ direction) B. For lagging strand, there is no problem since it replaces RNA primer and joins DNA with ligase C. For leading strand, there is a problem, since the 3’ end of the template strand has a RNA primer, which cannot be replaced with DNA nucleotides (by DNA polymerase) since there is no 3’ end to start from (DNA polymerase cannot just add nucleotides opposite of the DNA template strand – must use a RNA primer) D. This results in successive replicated strands becoming shorter and shorter – the remedy? E. Telomeres – eukaryotic cells have short repetitive nucleotide sequences that do not code for anything 1. elomeres protect the cell from false alarms that there is DNA damage and cause the cell to die since losing these ends don’t mean anything (note that prokaryotes do not have this problem since their DNA is circular with no â€Å"end†) 2. but when telomeres are lost, are they replaced? Yes by telomerase – enzyme that works in conjuncti on with DNA polymerase to add length to telomeres a. p306 fig16. 19 have shortened â€Å"just made† DNA strand b. telomerase is associated with an RNA strand and DNA polymerase c. telomerase lines up the RNA strand with the 3’ DNA strand to serve as a template to have the 3’ end grow d. hen the RNA strand serves as a primer for new growth onto the 5’ strand, then the primer is removed e. result is an elongated DNA strand that was shorted during replication *telomerase is not present in most cells of multicellular organisms (like us) *DNA of older individuals tends to be shorter *telomerase is abundant in germ line cells – those that give rise to gametes *researchers find telomerase in cancer cells – makes sense since these cells replicate often and would have very short DNA (possible cancer therapy is to target their telomerase) How to cite The Molecular Basis of Inheritance, Papers

Mimosa Tenuiflora free essay sample

Mimosa Tenuiflora Mimosa Tenuiflora, or Mimosa Hostilis, is the scientific name of a plant more commonly known as the Mimosa tree or shrub. The mimosa plant is a fern like perennial that can grow up to eight meters tall given optimal growth conditions. The mimosa leaves are attached with a petiolate and arranged alternately and bipinnately lobed with fifteen to thirty three odd bipinnately compounded leaflets. The leaflets themselves are attached in a sessile fashion and have a parallel venation which resembles the opposite arrangement of the leaflets on the leaf. The plane (side view) and entire (above view) margined leaflets have an oblong shape with a mucronate apex, a slightly oblique base, and a glabrous leaflet surface. The stem of the mimosa plant has a modification that results in a food storing and ground anchoring bulb. This bulb tends to form approximately halfway between the surface of the ground and the end of the mimosas long thin taproot. Mimosa Tenuiflora is a member of the Leguminosae family, which is more commonly known as the pea, bean, or legume family. The resemblance to the Leguminosae family can be seen in he presence of root nodules called rhizobia that assist with nitrogen fixation of the plant. Much like common pea plants, Mimosa Tenuiflora produces lightly fleshy pod like fruit that dry and drop to the ground for reproduction. Unlike the pea plant, the mimosa plants fruit has a papery consistency and harbors six to eight hard, flat, light brown seeds that are usually three to four millimeters in length and are dispersed for reproduction through wind and rain. Mimosa Tenuiflora is a tropical plant native to Brazil, but is also found wild in Southern Mexico, Colombia, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Panama, Honduras, and Guatemala. Although native to equatorial parts of South America, Mimosa Tenuiflora is also cultivated as a tree or shrub in many southern areas of the United States. The mimosa plant is rated for a USDA zone nine or higher, which is twenty five degrees Fahrenheit and up, for optimal growth. Being a tropical plant, Mimosa Tenuiflora requires full sun and grows best in sandy well drained soil below five hundred meters in altitude. Mimosa Tenuiflora is a hardy plant though and with its quickly growing taproot and bulb, it can easily split concrete or stone if rooted in a one to two illimeter wide crack. While it is an unassuming looking plant, the mimosa tree has some surprising medicinal uses which range from treating skin lesions for humans and animals, tooth pain, cough, bronchitis, and even a condition called venous ulceration. The ancient Mayans often used roasted mimosa tree bark to treat cuts and lesions, as well as a mimosa bark syrup concoction to treat respiratory problems. In a more recent example, a recent study found that compounds of Mimosa Tenuiflora are helpful in treating venous ulceration; a condition in which improper circulation causes ulcer ike sores on the body. Mimosa Tenuiflora also has the highest content of DMT, a strong naturally occurring psychedelic tryptamine, of any plant in the world; having a content of approximately one percent DMT found in the root bark. Due to this feature, many South American tribes have been known to make a tea from the root bark called Jurema which nas been used in hallucinogenic shamanic rituals tor thousands of years. All of the medicinal properties of the mimosa tree are found within its bark. While not medicinal, the leaves and pods of the plant are high in fiber and protein and can e used as food for animals or even potentially humans in dire need of sustenance. The bark on the stem and the bark on the roots have different medicinal uses and properties. The stem bark of Mimosa Tenuiflora has a variety of medicinal uses that are still being discovered. Native South Americans have used the stem bark of mimosas to treat inflammation, infection, burns, and even respiratory problems. Having very high levels of tannins, mimosa stem bark is an excellent astringent, coagulant, and anti-inflammatory. When applied to serious burns, mimosa stem bark as been found to reduce scar tissue formation and increase skin cell growth. Mimosa Tenuiflora stem bark is also found in many topical wellness products like soap, shampoo, and even skin treatments for herpes, acne, and eczema. In many South American cultures a tea made from the stem bark is used as a cleansing agent for the body for many addictive substances. The bark of the root of the mimosa tree has less effective properties similar to the bark of the stem; however the potency of DMT in the root bark allows some trained individuals to use the plant for spiritual healing and exploration. Some shamans and medicine men in tribal societies make a tea called Jurema from the root bark of mimosa trees and use them during spiritual rituals to try to expand their minds and find supernatural explanations to situations. Many of these medicine men train for years to know how to control the powerful effects of the Jurema and understand the hallucinations and intense emotional experiences caused by the DMT. Some tribes that practice the Jurema ritual also use a complementary tea made from the seeds of P. Harmala, or Syrian Rue, which amplifies the effects of the Jurema; this mixture is called Ayahuasca. Many people ho consume the Jurema or Ayahuasca teas, whether trained or not, claim to have life changing experiences usually associated with hallucinations of god-like or otherworldly beings that expose some revelatory information to the user. Some who experience this find it to be a frighteningly overwhelming experience, while others seem to benefit more psychologically from the feelings. Mimosa tree bark harvested from the stem of the plant has many aforementioned uses, a few of which involve the astringent, coagulant, and anti-inflammatory properties of the bark. Most of the times when these uses are desired out of the ark, it is roasted and ground into a powder for easy direct topical application or to be made into a salve for the same purpose. Mimosa stem powder or cream, usually called tepezchuite, is a good remedy for minor or severe cuts and burns, and is widely effective on many inflammation and bacteria related skin problems. There is direct evidence for the compounds in mimosa stem bark having the ability to generate and sustain collagen, which is why the use of tepezchuite produces less scar tissue and heals wounds so quickly. Teas of the Mimosa Tenuiflora stem bark are made by boiling the bark in water. Due to its astringent compounds, Mimosa tea is somewhat effective in treating mild tooth aches and also good for expelling toxins from the human body during withdraw or detoxification from an addictive substance. A decoction, or water extraction, is made by pounding or grinding the bark in cold water to leech the desired compounds trom the bark. Mimosa decoctions nave been used since Mayan times to treat coughs and bronchitis. Once again the astringent properties of the mimosa bark act as an expectorant to help those with mucus in their throats dislodge it and cough it up. The decoction method is the same method sed by shaman and medicine men to convert the root bark of Mimosa Tenuiflora into Jurema or Ayahuasca. This use of the mimosa tree may lead to new research in the field of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOs) due to the puzzling nature of the bioactivity of the DMT while used for hallucinogenic. Normally, DMT is not orally active to humans because of the presence of the Monoamine Oxidase (MAOs) compounds found in the human body which break down the DMT. However, when Jurema or Ayahuasca is consumed, the DMT is rendered orally active most likely due to a large amount of an unknown, and seemingly very effective, MAO. Mimosa Tenuiflora contains high levels of many medicinal compounds, of which are tannins, saponins, alkaloids, glucosides, luperol, and methoxychalchones. Tannins are responsible for the astringent properties of the mimosa tree, having strong antibacterial, viral, and parasitic properties, as well as the anti-inflammatory and antiulcer properties. Saponins, the compounds responsible for the cleansing effect of mimosa tea, promote the hydrolysis of toxins from the cells of the digestive tract. Alkaloids are common nitrogen based molecules that have a wide range of edical applications including helping with many cardiovascular problems as well as some respiratory problems. Alkaloids are the compounds responsible for the expectorant properties as well as the psychoactive properties being that DMT is an alkaloid. The glucosides in Mimosa Tenuiflora act as a mild purgative which aid in the cleansing properties of mimosa bark. Luperol is a well-known anti-inflammatory compound that has been used to reduce swelling in the paws of rats and is seen to work better than the accepted standard anti-inflammatory. Luperol is clearly esponsible for the anti-inflammatory properties of mimosa tree bark but is also an effective inhibitor of prostate and skin cancers. Similar to Luperol, methoxychalchones are the compounds also responsible for some anti-inflammatory effects as well as some anti-bacterial effects of mimosa bark. Mimosa Tenuiflora stem bark can be used liberally with few health issues. Any topical application of powdered mimosa bark or mimosa salve is overall safe; with perhaps only slight discomfort if applied to sensitive tissues. Mimosa tea and mimosa decoction are also mostly safe with the only risk of health issues being upset tomach or indigestion caused by the astringent properties of the plant when over consumed.